|
Florida Vegetable Gardening Guide1 J. M. Stephens, R. A. Dunn, G.
Kidder, D. Short, and G. W. Simone2 Among other benefits,
successful vegetable gardens offer their owners fresh air,
sunshine, exercise, enjoyment, mental therapy, nutritious fresh
vegetables, and economic savings. Gardens may be grown year-round
in Florida, but spring is the preferred season. Statewide there
are over 1 million vegetable gardens, averaging 300 sq. ft. and a
retail value of $300. While this guide provides recommendations
primarily for regular gardens, the information may be useful in
other common situations such as container, organic, community, and
market gardens.
STEPS IN GARDENINGSite - Locate the garden near the house for
convenience on a site close to a source of water with at least 6
hours of direct sunlight. With proper care, vegetables may also be
included in the landscape among ornamental plants. Where possible,
practice site rotation for weed and other pest control. Coastal
sites are also suitable.
Plan - Before planting, make a paper plan,
including vegetables you intend to plant, where, and when. Use the
"Planting Guide" in Table 3 and Table 4 to develop your plan. Make
a list of supplies, and then proceed early to order or purchase.
Soil Preparation - While most gardeners
plant on whatever soil type is available in the garden plot, you
may improve your soil by bringing in topsoil or a soil mix, or by
applying liberal amounts of organic materials. Spade or plow the
plot at least 3 weeks before planting. Then rework the soil into a
fine firm seedbed at planting time.
Organic Matter - Most Florida soils benefit
from applications of various forms of organics such as animal
manure, rotted leaves, compost, and cover crops. Thoroughly mix
liberal amounts of organics in the soil well in advance of
planting, preferably at least a month before seeding. Spread 25 to
100 pounds of compost or animal manure per 100 sq. ft. if you do
not expect to use inorganic fertilizer. Well-composted organics
may be applied at planting time. Due to inconsistant levels of
nutrients in compost, accompanying applications of balanced
inorganic fertilizer may be beneficial. Organic amendments low in
nitrogen, such as composted yard trash, must be accompanied by
fertilizer to avoid plant stunting.
Cover Crops - Off season planting and
plow-down of green-manure crops is beneficial. In Florida, such
summer legumes as cowpeas and hairy indigo are most often used. In
winter try ryegrass plus lupine, and hairy vetch.
Compost - As a home garden composter you
can help reduce the amount of yard waste going to landfills, while
manufacturing your own compost. Composting is easy to do and
yields a manure-like organic fertilizer/soil conditioner highly
beneficial on Florida's infertile native soils. A small compost
pile measuring 3x3x3 (1 cu. yd), called a "compost unit", is
easily made.
- Build larger piles by putting together several
units into a single bin.
- Construct a bin with sides made from treated
lumber, concrete blocks, wire or other durable materials.
- Make successive 12-inch thick layers of plant
waste such as leaves, lawn clippings, shredded branches, and
wood chips. Kitchen scraps may also be used.
- Onto each layer, distribute one cup each of
dolomite and 8-8-8 fertilizer (or one quart chicken litter) per
unit
- Moisten each layer, then keep pile moist.
- After 3-4 weeks and every week thereafter,
thoroughly mix the compost pile.
- Compost should be ready for use in 2 to 12
months, or when plant parts are decomposed.
Adjusting Soil pH - The best pH range for
gardens on sandy soil is between pH 5.8 and 6.3. If your soil pH
is between 5.5 and 7.0, no adjustment in pH needs to be made.
If your soil pH is below 5.5, apply lime at the
rate recommended by a reliable source such as the IFAS Extension
Soil Testing Laboratory. In the absence of a lime requirement
test, application of 2 to 3 pounds of finely ground dolomitic
limestone per 100 sq ft will usually raise the pH sufficiently
when the soil pH tested is below 5.5. Caution: Application of
lime when it is not needed may cause plant nutritional
problems. Lime needs are best met 2 to 3 months before the
garden is to be planted. However, lime may be applied as late as 1
or 2 weeks before planting. Make sure the lime is thoroughly mixed
into the soil to a depth of 6 to 8 inches and then water to
promote the chemical reaction.
If your soil pH is naturally above 7.0 (alkaline),
where limestone, marl, or shells are present, there is no
practical way of permanently lowering soil pH. Use fertilizer with
micronutrients as discussed in the following section. If the high
pH is the result of previous over-liming, application of granular
sulfur (1 lb/100 sq ft) will lower soil pH.
Fertilizing - Unless very large quantities
of organic fertilizer materials are applied, commercial fertilizer
is usually needed for Florida gardens. Gardeners find it
convenient to use commonly available fertilizer grades such as
8-8-8 or 15-15-15. Be sure to include micronutrients if soil pH is
above 6.3. The quantities shown in Table 1 are usually sufficient.
Broadcast the indicated amount of fertilizer over
the entire garden plot 1 to 2 weeks before planting. Band the
other portion at planting time in 1 or 2 bands each 2 to 3 inches
to the side of and 1 to 2 inches below the seed level or plant
row.
In addition, during the growing season, it may be
necessary to sidedress 2 or 3 times with appropriate fertilizer at
half the banded rate shown in the table. On mineral soils, a grade
such as 15-0-15 may also be used for side-dressing at a rate of ½
to 1 oz. per 10 ft. of row. Sidedress just beyond the outside
leaves.
If a different fertilization recommendation
accompanies your soil test, use those specific recommendations
rather than the general ones given here.
Irrigation and Drainage - Provide
sufficient drainage of excessive rainfall from your plot, while
arranging for irrigation during dry periods. Frequency of
irrigation depends upon your soil type; sandy soils need water 2
or 3 times a week. Conserve water by using mulch, organic matter,
and techniques such as drip irrigation. Make a slight depression
at the base of plants to hold water until absorbed by the soil.
Weed Control - The primary purpose of
cultivation is to control weeds. Weeds are easier to control when
small. In gardens, practical weed control is best accomplished by
hand-pulling, hoeing, mechanical cultivation, or mulching.
Chemical herbicides are not suggested.
NematodesMost Florida
soils contain nematodes, microscopic worms that can seriously
reduce growth and yield of most vegetables by feeding in or on
their roots. Nematode damage is less likely in soils with high
levels of organic matter and where crops are "rotated" so that the
same members of the same family are not planted repeatedly in the
same soil. Excessive nematode populations may be reduced
temporarily by "soil solarization." To "solarize" your soil, first
remove vegetation, then break up the sol and wet to activate that
nematode population. After preparing the soil, cover it with
sturdy clear plastic film during the warmest six weeks of summer.
High temperatures (above 130°F) must be maintained during this
time for best results.
Disease ControlExclusion - Purchase only disease-free plants. Look
carefully for common symptoms of diseases. Avoid gross movement of
infested soil.
Eradication - Certain soilborne diseases
(e.g. damp-off, root and stem rots, and wilts) are especially
troublesome on old garden sites. Site and crop rotation can slow
or prevent the incidence of certain soilborne diseases. Avoid
growing vegetables of the same family repeatedly in one area.
Watch for early disease symptoms. Remove first diseased leaves or
plants to slow spread.
Resistance - Choose adapted varieties with
resistance or tolerance to the diseases common in your area.
Protection - Plant fungicide-treated seed.
Dust untreated seed with a captan or thiram fungicide. Many common
diseases can be controlled with either chlorathalonil, maneb, or
mancozeb fungicide. Powdery mildews can be controlled with
triadimefon, sulfur or benomyl, and rusts with sulfur or ziram.
Control bacterial spots with basic copper sulfate plus maneb or
mancozeb.
Sprays are generally more effective than dusts.
Begin control efforts early. Follow product labels for vegetable
clearances, rates, and interval of application.
Insect ControlScout the
garden twice weekly for insect damage. Spray only affected plants.
Follow label directions. The materials on Table 2 are effective against the
insects as indicated.
Soil-inhabiting insects, including mole crickets,
wireworms, cutworms, ants, etc., can be controlled with a
broadcast pre-plant application of diazinon. Baits containing
Dylox or diazinon are effective for cutworms and mole crickets.
Use metaldehyde for slug control.
Pesticide PrecautionsConsider all pesticides as potential poisons. They should
be applied strictly according to manufacturers' precautions and
recommendations. Always wash vegetables from garden thoroughly
before using. Use pesticides only as necessary to control insects
and diseases and stop applications during the harvesting season.
Apply in early evening to avoid killing bees and reducing
pollination. Store pesticides in their original labeled
containers. Keep them out of the reach of children and other
irresponsible persons. See also Circular 375, Organic Vegetable Gardening .
TablesTable 1.
Table 1. Fertilizer
Recommendations
|
|
|
Amount to Apply
|
Soil
|
Fertilizer grade
|
broadcast lb./100 sq ft
|
10ft/row banded oz.
|
Sand, marl, rock, or clay
|
8-8-815-15-15
|
2-41-2
|
42
|
Organic soils (muck, peat, or amended)
|
0-12-20
|
1-2
|
2
|
Table 2.
Table 2. Insect Control
Recommendations
|
Pest
|
B.t.*
|
Carbaryl
|
Malathion
|
Diazinon
|
Soap**
|
Aphids
|
|
|
X
|
X
|
X
|
Armyworm
|
|
X
|
|
|
|
Budworms
|
|
X
|
|
|
|
Cabbageworms
|
X
|
X
|
X
|
X
|
|
Col. potato beetle
|
|
X
|
|
|
|
Cucumber beetle
|
|
X
|
X
|
|
|
Earworms
|
|
X
|
|
|
|
Fleabeetle
|
|
X
|
|
|
|
Fruit, horn, pinworms
|
X
|
X
|
|
|
|
Leaf miner
|
|
|
|
X
|
|
Leafhopper
|
|
X
|
X
|
X
|
|
Leafroller
|
|
X
|
X
|
X
|
|
Melon, pickle worms
|
|
X
|
|
|
|
Mexican bean beetle
|
|
X
|
X
|
X
|
|
Pameras
|
|
X
|
X
|
|
|
Pea weevils
|
|
X
|
X
|
X
|
|
Spider mites
|
|
|
X
|
X
|
X
|
Squash vineborer
|
X
|
|
|
|
|
Stink bugs
|
|
X
|
X
|
X
|
|
Thrips
|
|
X
|
X
|
X
|
X
|
Whiteflies
|
|
|
|
|
X
|
*Bacillus thuringiensis
(Biotrol, Dipel, or Thuricide).
|
**Soap - Use any of several
commercial products. Can also use 4 tbs. liquid dish
detergent/gal. water.
|
Table 3.
Table 3. Planting
Guide: Suggested Varieties, Plant Family, Harvest
Information, and Comments.
|
Variety (1)
|
Plant Family (2)
|
Transplantability (3)
|
Pounds yield per 100«
|
Days to Harvest (4)
|
WARM SEASON VEGETABLES
|
Beans, bush
|
Snap: Bush Blue Lake, Contender,
Roma, Harvester, Provider, Cherokee Wax , Bush Baby,
TendercropShell: Horticultural, Pinto, Red
Kidney
|
Leguminosae
|
III
|
45
|
50-60
|
Comment: Fertilizer at à rate
used for other vegetables. Seed inoculation not essential
most soils. Flowers self polinated. Use shell beans green or
dry. For color, try Purple Teepee and Burgundy
|
Beans, pole
|
Dade, McCaslan, Kentucky Wonder 191,
Blue Lake
|
Leguminosae
|
III
|
80
|
55-70
|
Comment: See Beans, bush.
Support vines. May be grown with corn for vine support.
|
Beans, lima
|
Fordhook 242, Henderson, Jackson
Wonder,Dixie Butterpea, Florida Butter (Pole), Sieva (Pole)
|
Leguminosae
|
III
|
50
|
65-75
|
Comment: See Beans, bush.
Provide trellis support for pole varieties. Control
stinkbugs which injure seeds in pods. Fordhook is
large-seeded; Henderson is "butterbean" type.
|
Cantaloupes
|
Smith's Perfect, Ambrosia, Edisto 47,
Planters Jumbo, Summet, Super Market, Primo, Luscious Plus
|
Cucurbitaccae
|
III
|
150
|
75-90(65-75)
|
Comment: Bees needed for
pollination. Mulch to reduce fruit-rots and salmonella.
Harvest at full-slip stage.
|
Corn, sweet
|
Silver Queen, Gold Cup,Guardian,
Bonanza,Florida Staysweet, How Sweet It Is, Ssupersweet
|
Gramineae
|
III
|
115
|
60-95
|
Comment: Separate super-sweets
(last three varieties) from standard varieties by time and
distance. Sucker removal not beneficial. Plant in 2-3 row
blocks.
|
Cucumbers
|
Slicers: Poinsett, Ashley,
Dasher, Sweet Success, Pot Luck, Slice NicePicklers:
Galaxy, SMR 18,Explorer
|
Cucurbitaceae
|
III
|
100
|
50-65(40-50)
|
Comment: Bees required for
pollination. Many new hybrids are gynoecious (female
flowering). Monoecious varieties have M/F flowers. For
greenhouse, use parthenocarpic type.
|
Eggplant
|
Florida Market, Black Beauty, Dusky,
Long Tom, Ichiban, Tycoon, Dourga
|
Solanaceae
|
I
|
200
|
90-110(75-90)
|
Comment: Stake your eggplants.
Harvest into summer. Require warm weather. `Dourga' is
white.
|
Okra
|
Clemson Spineless,Perkins, Dwarf Green,
Emerald, Blondy, Burgundy
|
Malvaceae
|
III
|
70
|
50-75
|
Comment: Produces well in warm
seasons. Okra is highly susceptible to root-knot nematodes.
|
Peas, Southern
|
Blackeye, Mississippi Silver, Texas
Cream 40, Snapea, Zipper Cream, Sadandy, Purplehull
|
Leguminosae
|
III
|
80
|
60-90
|
Comment: See Beans, bush. The
cowpea curculio is common pest. Tiny white grub infests
seeds in pods. Good summer cover crop. `California No. 5
Blackeye' resistant to root-knot nematodes.
|
Peppers
|
Sweet:Early Calwonder, Yolo
Wonder, Big Bertha, Sweet Banana, Jupiter Hot:
Hungarian Wax, Jalapeno, Habanero
|
Solanaceae
|
I
|
50
|
80-100 (60-80)
|
Comment: Mulching especially
beneficial. Continue care of peppers well into summer.
Mosaic virus a common disease pest. Most small-fruited
varieties are attractive, but hot. `Habanero' is extremely
hot.
|
Potatoes, Sweet
|
Porto Rico, Georgia Red, Jewel,
Centennial, Coastal Sweet, Boniato, Sumor, Beauregard,
Vardaman.
|
Convolvulaceae
|
I
|
300
|
(120-140)
|
Comment: Sweet potato weevils
are a serious problem. Start with certified-free
transplants. Use vine cuttings to prolong season. `Vardaman'
is a bush type for small gardens.
|
Pumpkin
|
Big Max, Funny Face, Connecticut Field,
Spirit, Calabaza, Cushaw
|
Cucurbitaceae
|
III
|
300
|
90-120(80-110)
|
Comment: Bees required for
pollination. Foliage diseases and fruit-rot are common. For
big ones try `Atlantic Giant.' For small ornamental type,
try `Jack Be Little.'
|
Squash
|
Summer:Early Prolific
Straightneck, Dixie, Summer Crookneck, Cocozelle, Gold
Bar,Zucchini, Peter Pan, Sunburst, Scallopini,
SundropsWinter: Sweet Mama, Table Queen, Butternut,
Spaghetti
|
Cucurbitaceae
|
IIIIII
|
150300
|
40-55(35-40) 80-110 (70-90)
|
Comment: Summer types usually
grow on a bush while winter squash have vining habit. Both
male and female flowers on same plant. Common fruit rot/drop
caused by fungus and incomplete pollination. Bees required.
Crossing occurs but results not seen unless seeds are saved.
Winter types store longest.
|
Tomatoes
|
Large Fruit: Floradel, Solar Set,
Manalucie, Better Boy, Celebrity, Bragger, Walter, Sun
Coast, Floramerica, Flora-Dade, Duke.Small Fruit:
Florida Basket, Micro Tom, Patio, Cherry, Sweet 100,
Chelsea
|
Solanaceae
|
I
|
200
|
90-110(75-90)
|
Comment: Staking, mulching
beneficial. Flowers self-pollinated. May drop if
temperatures too high or low, or if nitrogen fertilization
excessive. Florida varieties have best disease resistance.
Some serious problems are blossom-end rot, wilts, whitefly,
and leafminers. `Better Boy' appears resisitant to
root-knot.
|
Watermelon
|
Large: Charleston Gray, Jubilee,
Crimson Sweet, Dixielee Small: Sugar Baby, Minilee,
Mickylee Seedless: Fummy
|
Cucurbitaceae
|
III
|
400
|
85-95(80-90)
|
Comment: Due to space
requirement, not suited to most gardens. Suggest small
ice-box types. Plant fusarium wilt resistant varieties. Bees
required for pollination. Florida record size melon is
`Carolina Cross.'
|
COOL SEASON VEGETABLES
|
Beets
|
Early Wonder, Detroit Dark Red,
Cylindra, Red Ace, Little Ball
|
Chenopodiaceae
|
I
|
75
|
50-65
|
Comment: Beets require ample
moisture at seeding or poor emergence results. Leaves edible
|
Broccoli
|
Early Green Sprouting, Waltham 29,
Atlantic,Green Comet, Green Duke
|
Cruciferae
|
I
|
50
|
75-90(55-70)
|
Harvest small multiple
sideshoots that develop after main central head is cut.
|
Cabbage
|
Gourmet, Marion Market, King Cole,
Market Prize, Red Acre, Chieftan Savoy, Rio Verde,Bravo
|
Cruciferae
|
I
|
125
|
90-110(70-90)
|
Comment: Buy clean plants to
avoid cabbage black-rot, a common bacterial disease that
causes yellow patches on leaf margins. Keep an eye out for
loopers, use Bt for control.
|
Carrots
|
Imperator, Thumbelina, Nantes, Gold Pak,
Waltham Hicolor, Orlando Gold
|
Umbelliferae
|
II
|
100
|
65-80
|
Comment: Grow carrots on a
raised bed for best results. Sow seeds shallow and thin to
proper stand.
|
Cauliflower
|
Snowball Strains, Snowdrift, Imperial
10-6, Snow Crown, White Rock
|
Cruciferae
|
I
|
80
|
75-90(55-70)
|
Comment: Tie leaves around
flowerhead at 2-3 inch diameter stage to prevent
discoloration. For green heads, grow broccoflower.
|
Celery
|
Utah Strains, Florida Strains, Summer
Pascal
|
Umbelliferae
|
II
|
150
|
115-125(80-105)
|
Comment: Celery requires very
high soil moisture during seeding/seedling stage.
|
Chinese Cabbage
|
Michihili, Wong Bok, Bok Choy, Napa
|
Cruciferae
|
I
|
100
|
70-90(60-70)
|
Comment: Bok Choy is open-leaf
type,while Michihili and Napa form round heads.
|
Collards
|
Georgia, Vates, Blue Max, Hicrop Hybrid
|
Cruciferae
|
I
|
150
|
70-80(40-60)
|
Comment: Tolerates more heat
than most other crucifers. Harvest lower leaves. Kale may
also be grown.
|
Endive/Escarole
|
Florida Deep Heart, Full Heart, Ruffec
|
Compositae
|
I
|
75
|
80-95
|
Comment: Excellent ingredient
in tossed salads. Well adapted to cooler months.
|
Kohlrabi
|
Early White Vienna, Grand Duke, Purple
Vienna
|
Cruciferae
|
I
|
100
|
70-80(50-55)
|
Comment: Both red and green
varieties are easily grown. Use fresh or cooked. Leaves
edible.
|
Lettuce
|
Crisp: Minetto, Ithaca, Fulton,
Floricrisp. Butterhead: Bibb, White Boston, Tom
Thumb. Leaf: Prize Head, Red Sails, Salad Bowl.
Romaine: Parris Island Cos, Valmaine,
Floricos.
|
Compositae
|
I
|
75
|
50-90(40-70)
|
Grow crisphead type in coolest
part of season for firmer heads. Sow seeds very shallow, as
they need light for germination. Intercrop lettuce with
long-season vegetables.
|
Mustard
|
Southern Giant Curled, Florida Broad
Leaf, Tendergreen
|
Cruciferae
|
II
|
100
|
40-60
|
Consider planting in a
wide-row system. Broadleaf type requires more space. Cooked
as "greens".
|
Onions
|
Bulbing: Excel, Texas Grano,
Granex, White Granex, Tropicana RedBunching: White
Portugal, Evergreen, Beltsville Bunching, Perfecto
BlancoMultipliers: Shallots
|
Amaryllidaceae
|
III
|
100100100
|
120-160(110-120)50-75(30-40)(30-40)
|
Comment: Plant short-day
bulbing varieties. For bunching onions, insert sets upright
for straight stems. For multipliers, divide and reset.
Bulbing onions may be seeded in the fall, then transplanted
in early spring (Jan-Feb). `Granex' used for Vidalia and St.
Augustine Sweets.
|
Parsley
|
Moss Curled, Perfection, Italian
|
Umbelliferae
|
II
|
40
|
70-90
|
Comment: Grow parsley root
similarly (Hamburg type). Curly and plain types do well.
|
Peas, English
|
Wando, Green Arrow, Laxton's Progress,
Sugar Snap, Oregon Sugar.
|
Leguminoseae
|
III
|
40
|
50-70
|
Comment: Edible podded type
are "Oregon" (flat) and "Sugar Snap" (round) - be sure to
trellis.
|
Potatoes
|
Sebago, Red Pontiac, Atlantic, Red
LaSoda, LaRouge, Superior
|
Solanaceae
|
II
|
150
|
85-110
|
Comment: Plant 2-ounce seed
pieces with eyes. Do not use table-stock for seed. Remove
tops two weeks before digging to "toughen skin." Varieties
planted by seeds produce less than from tubers.
|
Radish
|
Cherry Belle, Comet, Early Scarlet
Globe, White Icicle, Sparkler, Red Prince, Champion,
Snowbelle
|
Cruciferae
|
III
|
40
|
20-30
|
Comment: The winter type
(Daikon) grows well in Florida, too. Inter-crop summer type
with slow growing vegetables to save space.
|
Spinach
|
Virginia Savoy, Melody, Bloomsdale
Longstanding, Tyee, Olympia
|
Chenopodiaceae
|
II
|
40
|
45-60
|
Comment: Grow during coolest
months. Malabar spinach is a more prolific type that grows
well in Florida.(5)
|
Strawberry
|
Florida 90, Chandler, Dover, Florida
Belle, Oso Grande, Sweet Charlie, Selva
|
Rosaceae
|
I
|
50
|
(90-110)
|
Comment: Plant short-day
varieties. Grow as an annual crop starting with disease-free
plants in the fall.
|
Turnips
|
Roots/Tops: Purple-Top White
Globe, Just RiteTops: All Top
|
Cruciferae
|
III
|
150
|
40-60
|
Comment: Grow for roots and
tops. Broadcast seed in wide-row system or single file.
|
(1) Other varieties may
produce well also. Suggestions are based on availability,
performance, and pest resistance.
|
(2) To practice crop rotation,
group family members; avoid planting family members
following each other.
|
(3) Transplantability
categories: I, easily survives transplanting; II survives
with care; III, use seeds or containerized transplants only.
|
(4) Days from seeding to
harvest, values in parentheses are days from transplanting
to first harvest.
|
(5) For more information on
Malabar spinach and other minor vegetables, get a copy of
Bulletin SP-40, "Manual of Minor Vegetables."
|
Table 4.
Table 4. Planting Guide
for Florida Vegetables: Spacing Information
|
Crop
|
Seeds/plants Per 100«
|
Spacing (inches)
|
Seed depth (inches)
|
Planting Dates in Florida
(outdoors)*
|
Rows
|
Plants
|
North
|
Central
|
South
|
WARM SEASON VEGETABLES
|
Beans, bush
|
1 lb.
|
18-30
|
2-3
|
1-2
|
Mar-AprAug-Sept
|
Feb-AprSept
|
Sept-Apr
|
Beans, pole
|
à lb.
|
40-48
|
3-6
|
1-2
|
Mar-AprAug-Sept
|
Feb-AprAug-Sept
|
Aug-Apr
|
Beans, lima
|
2 lb.
|
24-36
|
3-4
|
1-2
|
Mar-Aug
|
Feb-AprSept.
|
Aug-Apr
|
Cantaloupes
|
à oz.
|
60-72
|
24-36
|
1-2
|
Mar-Apr
|
Feb-Apr
|
Aug-SeptFeb-Mar
|
Corn, sweet
|
2 oz.
|
24-36
|
12-18
|
1-2
|
Mar-AprAug
|
Feb-MarAug-Sept
|
Aug-Mar
|
Cucumbers
|
à oz.
|
36-60
|
12-24
|
1-2
|
Feb-AprAug-Sept
|
Feb-MarSept
|
Sept-Mar
|
Eggplant
|
50 plts1 pkt
|
36-42
|
24-36
|
à
|
Feb-July
|
Jan-MarAug-Sept
|
Dec-FebAug-Oct
|
Okra
|
1 oz.
|
24-40
|
6-12
|
1-2
|
Mar-July
|
Mar-Aug
|
Feb-MayAug-Sept
|
Peas, southern
|
à oz.
|
30-36
|
2-3
|
1-2
|
Mar-Aug
|
Mar-Sept
|
Aug-Apr
|
Peppers
|
100 plts1 pkt
|
20-36
|
12-24
|
à
|
Feb-AprJuly-Aug
|
Jan-MarAug-Sept
|
Aug-Mar
|
Potatoes, sweet
|
100 plts
|
48-54
|
12-14
|
---
|
Mar-June
|
Feb-June
|
Feb-June
|
Pumpkin
|
1 oz.
|
60-84
|
36-60
|
1-2
|
Mar-AprAug
|
Feb-MarAug
|
Jan-FebAug-Sept
|
Squash, Summer
|
1à oz.
|
36-48
|
24-36
|
1-2
|
Mar-AprAug-Sept
|
Feb-Mar Aug-Sept
|
Jan-MarSept-Oct
|
Squash, Winter
|
1 oz.
|
60-90
|
36-48
|
1-2
|
MarAug
|
Feb-MarAug
|
Jan-FebSept
|
Tomatoes, Stake
|
70 plts1 pkt
|
36-48
|
18-24
|
à
|
Feb-AprAug
|
Jan-MarSept
|
Aug-Mar
|
Tomatoes, Ground
|
35 plts1 pkt
|
40-60
|
36-40
|
à
|
"
|
"
|
"
|
Tomatoes, Container
|
|
|
|
|
"
|
"
|
"
|
Watermelon, Large
|
1/8 oz.
|
84-108
|
48-60
|
1-2
|
Mar-AprJuly-Aug
|
Jan-MarAug
|
Jan-MarAug-Sept
|
Watermelon, Small
|
1/8 oz.
|
48-60
|
15-30
|
"
|
"
|
"
|
"
|
Watermelon, Seedless
|
70 plts
|
48-60
|
15-30
|
"
|
"
|
"
|
"
|
COOL SEASON VEGETABLES
|
Beets
|
1 oz.
|
14-24
|
3-5
|
à - 1
|
Sept-Mar
|
Oct-Mar
|
Oct-Feb
|
Broccoli
|
100 plts1/8 oz.
|
30-36
|
12-18
|
à - 1
|
Aug-Feb
|
Aug-Jan
|
Sept-Jan
|
Brussels Sprouts
|
100 plts1/8 oz
|
30-36
|
18
|
à - 1
|
Sept-Nov
|
Oct-Nov
|
Oct-Dec
|
Cabbage
|
(1/8 oz)100 plts
|
24-36
|
12-24
|
à - 1
|
Sept-Feb
|
Sept-Jan
|
Sept-Jan
|
Carrots
|
1/8 oz.
|
16-24
|
1-3
|
à
|
Sept-Mar
|
Oct-Mar
|
Oct-Feb
|
Cauliflower
|
55 plts(1/8 oz)
|
24-30
|
18-24
|
à - 1
|
Jan-FebAug-Oct
|
Oct-Jan
|
Oct-Jan
|
Celery
|
150 plts(1/8 oz)
|
24-36
|
6-10
|
â - à
|
Jan-Mar
|
Aug-Feb
|
Oct-Jan
|
Chinese cabbage
|
125 plts(1/8 oz)
|
24-36
|
12-24
|
â - ä
|
Oct-Feb
|
Oct-Jan
|
Nov-Jan
|
Collards
|
100 plts(1/8 oz)
|
24-30
|
10-18
|
à - 1
|
Feb-AprAug-Nov
|
Aug-Mar
|
Aug-Feb
|
Endive/Escarole
|
100 plts
|
18-24
|
8-12
|
à
|
Feb-MarSept
|
Jan-FebSept
|
Sept-Jan
|
Kale
|
100 plts(1/8 oz)
|
24-30
|
12-18
|
à - 1
|
Sept-Feb
|
Sept-Jan
|
Sept-Jan
|
Kohlrabi
|
1/8 oz.
|
24-30
|
3-5
|
à - 1
|
Sept-Mar
|
Oct-Mar
|
Oct-Feb
|
Leek
|
à oz.
|
12-24
|
2-4
|
à
|
Sept-Mar
|
Sept-Feb
|
Oct-Jan
|
Lettuce: Crisp, Butter-head, Leaf &
Romaine
|
100 plts
|
12-24
|
8-12
|
à
|
Feb-MarSept-Oct
|
Sept-Mar
|
Sept-Jan
|
Mustard
|
â oz.
|
14-24
|
1-6
|
à - 1
|
Sept-May
|
Sept-Mar
|
Sept-Mar
|
Onions, Bulbing
|
300 plts or sets, 1 oz seed
|
12-24
|
4-6
|
à - 1
|
Sept-Dec
|
Sept-Dec
|
Sept-Nov
|
Onions, Bunching
|
800 plts or sets, 1 - 1à oz seed
|
12-24
|
1-2
|
2-3
|
Aug-Mar
|
Aug-Mar
|
Sept-Mar
|
Onions, Multipliers
|
"
|
18-24
|
6-8
|
à - ä
|
"
|
"
|
"
|
Parsley
|
â oz.
|
12-20
|
8-12
|
â
|
Sept-Mar
|
Oct-Feb
|
Sept-Jan
|
Peas, English
|
1 lb.
|
24-36
|
2-3
|
1-2
|
Jan-Mar
|
Sept-Mar
|
Sept-Feb
|
Potatoes
|
15 lbs.
|
36-42
|
8-12
|
3-4
|
Jan-Mar
|
Jan-Feb
|
Sept-Jan
|
Radish
|
1 oz.
|
12-18
|
1-2
|
ä
|
Sept-Mar
|
Sept-Mar
|
Oct-Mar
|
Spinach
|
1 oz.
|
14-18
|
3-5
|
ä
|
Oct-Nov
|
Oct-Nov
|
Oct-Jan
|
Strawberry
|
100 plts
|
36-40
|
10-14
|
---
|
Oct-Nov
|
Oct-Nov
|
Oct-Nov
|
Turnips
|
â oz.
|
12-20
|
4-6
|
à-1
|
Jan-AprAug-Oct
|
Jan-MarSept-Nov
|
Oct-Feb
|
* North: north of State
Rd 40; Central: between State Rds 40 and 70;
South: south of State Rd 70.
|
FootnotesThis
document, SP 103, is a for sale publication, Florida Cooperative
Extension Service, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences,
University of Florida. Publication date: December 1991. Revised
for CD-ROM: March 1994.
J.M. Stephens, professor
and Extension Vegetable Specialist, Horticultural Sciences
Department; R.A. Dunn, professor and Extension Nematologist,
Entomology and Nematology Department; G. Kidder, professor and
Extension Soils Scientist, Soil Science Department; D. Short,
professor and Extension Entomologist, Entomology and Nematology
Department; G.W. Simone, associate professor and Extension Plant
Pathologist, Plant Pathology Department, Cooperative Extension
Service, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University
of Florida, Gainesville FL 32611.
The use of trade names in this publication is
solely for the purpose of providing specific information. It is
not a guarantee or warranty of the products named, and does not
signify that they are approved to the exclusion of others of
suitable composition.
The Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences (IFAS) is an Equal
Employment Opportunity - Affirmative Action Employer authorized to
provide research, educational information and other services only
to individuals and institutions that function without regard to
race, creed, color, religion, age, disability, sex, sexual
orientation, marital status, national origin, political opinions
or affiliations. For information on obtaining other extension
publications, contact your county Cooperative Extension Service
office.
Florida Cooperative Extension Service / Institute
of Food and Agricultural Sciences / University of Florida / Larry
R. Arrington, Interim Dean
Copyright Information
This document is copyrighted by the
University of Florida, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences
(UF/IFAS) for the people of the State of Florida. UF/IFAS retains
all rights under all conventions, but permits free reproduction by
all agents and offices of the Cooperative Extension Service and
the people of the State of Florida. Permission is granted to
others to use these materials in part or in full for educational
purposes, provided that full credit is given to the UF/IFAS,
citing the publication, its source, and date of publication.
Other Gardening Links
| |
|